Cylinder-lock.



E. EPSTEIN.

CYLINDER LOCK.

APPLICATION FILED 0120.15. 1911.

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stamens-teen.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed December 15, 1917. Serial No. 207,226.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELI ErsrarN, a citizen 6f the Republic of Russia, residing at Boston, county of Sufi'olk, State of Massachusetts, have invented an Improvement in Cylinder-Locks, of which the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawing, is a specification, like characters on the drawing representing like parts.

In United States Patent No. 11 ,244,304,

issued to me October 23, 1917, T have illustrated and described a cylinder lock which has the usual spring-pressed tumbler pins carried bg the casing, and in addition thereto, a tu ular. spring-pressed tumbler eleencircling one of the drivers and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing, said tubular tumbler element being constructed so that it is withdrawn from interlocking 'engagement with the casing'by the inser through a. cylinderlock embodying my in-.

ti on of the key which lines up the tumbler pms.

resent invention relates to a cylinder lock 0 this type and has for its object to improve such a cylinder lock in the various features hereinafter pointed out.

In order to give an understanding of my invention, have illustrated in the drawings a selected embodiment thereof which will now be described, after which the novel features will the appended claims.

Figure 1 be pointed out in is a vertical sectional view vention; I

Fi 2 is a section t roughthe casing on the line 2-2, Fig.- t, ith the plug, drlvers andytumbler pins remdved; v

Fig. 3 is-a view of the plug;

Fig. 4 is a section on the line 4- 4, Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a section on the line 5-5, Fig. 1;

Fig. 6' is a section similar to Fig. 4 showing the key inserted and the tumbler elements lined up;

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the tumbler element carrled by the plug; V

Fig. 8 is a view otthe key which is used;

Fig. 9 is a fragmentary sectional view similar to Fig. 1 showing the tumblers lined up by the key.

My improved lock comprises the usual casing 1 which may have any suitable construction and which is provided with sockets or spaces 2 for the reception of the usual any suitable or usual construction.

tumbler pins 3, each tumbler pin being backed by a suitable spring 4: and it also comprises the usual plug 5 which is rotatably mounted in the, casin and is formed with the key-way 6, said p ug carrying the drivers 7 which are acted on by the key and which serve to line up the tumbler pins 3. The parts above referred to may h lave .he tumbler elements 3 which are carried by the casing normally have interlocking engagement with the plug, and in addition to such tumbler elements, the device herein illustrated has a tubular tumbler element 8 'which is carried by the plug 5 and which Patented Mar. 5., T21...

normally has interlocking engagement with the casing, as shown in my above-mentioned patent.

One feature of my present invention relates to the shape and construction of this tubular element 8' by which the manufacture of the lock may be cheapened and simplified. The tumbler element 8 is made from a section of tube, and it encircles one of the driver elements, the ,aperture 9 in the plug in which said driver element operates being of the proper size to receive the tumbler element The tube section from which the tumbler element 8 is made is cut awav at one end,

asat '10 to form a key-receivin space there: by producing the two depen ing portions 11 and12 situated on opposite sides of the tubular element. The portion 12 is longer than the portion 11 and the lower end there of is bent laterally to provide a foot 13 that projects into the keyway. The tumbler element 8 is also provided with a laterallyextending projection 14 which .operates in a.

recess 15 formed in the plug, said recess re ceiving a spring 16 which acts against the projection-14 and tends to urge the tumbler element 8 outwardly into interlocking engagement with the casing.

The casing is provided with arecess 17 opposite the aperture 9 into which the end of the tumbler element 8 is projected by the spring 16 when the lock is locked.

The key for operating the lock is indicated M18 and it is shown as provided with a groove 19 in one side which fits the ledge or rib 20 formed in one side of the keyway. When the key is inserted, the upper wall 21 of the groove 19 will engage the lip 13 and draw the tubular element 8 downwardly out of engagement with the casing and at the The extension 11 acts as a guide to assist in preventing any tendency of the tumbler element 8 to tip or bind in the aperture 9.'

. Further, the tumbler element shown'herein can be quickly and cheaply made from a sec tion of tubing.

In order to increase the security of the look, I have made the upper end of the. tumbler element 8 with one or more projections 23 which are arranged so that they extend slightly beyond the periphery of the plug when the tumbler element 8 is retracted by the key, as shown in Fig. 9. The casing is provided with a groove 24 in line with each projection 23, said grooves 24 having a graduallydecreasing depth from their central position around to about the point 25 in Fig; 5. When the key 18 is inserted and the tumbler elements are lined up, the main portionof the tumbler element 8 will be withdrawn from interlocking engagement with the easing, and the projections 23 will be withdrawn from the recess 17 into the grooves 24. The plug may then be turned as usual by means of the key thereby releasing the lock.

The presence of the projections 23 makes it impossible to insert any lock-picking implement between the plug and easing even when the tumbler element 8 is properly lined up because these projections 23 extend into the grooves 24. Since the grooves 24 are of gradually-decreasing depth and terminate at the point 25, the turning of the plug through an angle of 90 from its central position will carry the projections 23 out of the grooves thereby permitting the plug to be removed if such action is desired. T

In order to make the lock still more secure, I have so constructed one of the drivers '7 that is situated at the front of the tumbler element 8 so that it has a length longer than the distance from the periphery of the plug to the rib 20. In the drawingsthe driver nearest the front of the plug is the long driver, said driver being indicated at 70. This'use of this long driver 7 0 Will necessi tate forming the key 18 with a correspondingly deep recess 26 so that when the key is inserted, the driver 7 0 will be properly lined up. Since the driver extends below the shoulder 20, the bottom of the recess 26 will have to extend below the edge 21 of the groove 19. The reason for this construction isthat if the driver element 70 were short like the other drivers so that the lower end thereof was above the rib 20, it would be possible to take a key similar to the key 19 and to cut off the serrated edge 22 and then by inserting said key to withdraw the tumbler element 8. Then while the key was held in the lock, the lock might be jarred thereby to line up the other tumbler elements 3 and release the lock. By making the driver 70 of such length that the lower end thereof projects below the rib 20, it will be observed that if a skeleton key with simply the groove other tumbler elements. My improved lock is, therefore, doubly secure.

- I claim:

1. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plug rotatably mounted therein and provided with a keyway, springpressed tumbler pins carried by the casing and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the plug, drivers carried by the plug and by which the tumbler pins are lined up by the insertion of a key in the keyway, and a tubular spring pressed tumbler element carried by the plug and encircling one of the drivers and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the easing, said tubular tumbler element being cut away at one end to form a key-receiving opening and presenting two depending guiding portions either side of said opening, one of said guiding portions having a key-engaging lip projecting from its lower end.

2. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plug rotatably mounted therein and provided with a keywa ,springpressed tumbler pins carried by the casing and adapted to have interlocking engagement with-the plug, drivers carried by the plu and by which the tumbler pins are lined up by the insertion of a key in the keyway, and a tubular spring-pressed tumbler element carried by the plug and encircling one of the drivers and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing, said tubular tumbler element being cut away at one end to form a key-receivin and presenting two depending guiding portions either si e of said opening, one of said guiding portions having a key-engaging lip projecting from its lower end, said tubular tumbler element having a lateral projection, and a spring carried by the plug exterior to said tubular element and actlng against said projection.

3. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plug rotatably mounted therein, sprmg-pressed tumbler elements carried by the casing and'normally held in interlocking engagement with the plug, a springpressed tumbler element carried by the plug for movement in a direction parallel to the direction of movement of the first-named tumbler elements andadapted to have interlocking engagement with the casing, and means associated with all the tumbler eleopening lid tame

ments whereby they are lined up by the insertion of the'key in the keyWay of the plug, the tumbler element carried by the plug having a projection which extends beyon the periphery of the plug when said tumbler element is lined up and the casing having a groove to receive said projection and permit turning movement of the plug.

4. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plug rotatably mounted therein and provided with a keyway, tumbler pins carried by the casing and adapted to have interlocking engagement with the plug, keyactuated drivers carried by the plug for lining up the'tumbler pins, a. tubular springpressed tumbler element.carried by the plug and encircling one of the drivers and normally having interlocking engagement with the casing, and means to line up said tubular element upon the insertion of a key,- said tubular element having'a projection at its end Which extends beyond the periphery of the plug When said element is lined up and the casing having a groove to receive said projection as the plug is turned.

5. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plurality of spring-ptcssed tumbler pins carried thereby, a, plug rotatable in said casing, key-actuated drivers carr'ed by the plug, a tumbler'element carried by the plug and normally having interlocking engagement with the casing, said tumbler element having a depending portion with a laterall -eXtending foot to be engaged by the key, one of the driver pins having a length to extend below said foot.

6. In a cylinder lock, the combination with a casing, of a plurality of spring-pressed tumbler pins carried thereby, a plug rotatably mounted in the casing and provided with a keyway presenting a rib at' one side. key actuated drivers carried by said plug, a

spring-pressed tumbler 6181118115 (-arried by the plug and normally having interlocking engagement with the casing, said tumbler element having a foot in line with said rib whereby when the key is inserted the wall of the roove in the key which embraces the rib will engage the foot and withdraw the tumbler element from engagement with the casing one of the drivers being of a length so that its lower end extends below said rib.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

ELI EPSTEIN. 

